英語は体で身につける

 　英語の学習方針を大きく変えることにした。英語の短文を音読し、暗記していくのだが、次の通りである。
「英語を読み上げよう。読み上げるのは短文(単語数の少ないセンテンス)がよい。短文トレーーングをすると、自然に長文を読んだり、書いたりできるようになる。
　とにかく、短文をたくさん読み上げよう。読み上げ用の短文をたくさん用意しておいて、毎日、それを読み上げる。長文トレーーングをしてはいけない。長文を読んでいると、英語に対して「暗号解読」のような姿勢で接することになってしまうからだ。英語は暗号ではありませんから、そのような接し方は、間違いなのだ。とにかく、英文のトレーニングは、短文に限る」（『13歳からの勉強ノート　必ず成績が良くなる40のルール』、小野田博一著、PHPエディターズ・グループ、2009年、要約）。

Cinderella 5

"We'll dress you in the finest clothes
- only the best for my beautiful darlings.
Isn't that right, dear?” she
said to Cinderella's father.

Cinderella gripped her broom hard.
“May I go to the Ball as well?” she asked,
in a scared whisper. 

fine：素晴らしい

Isn't that right, dear？：そうではありませんか。あなた？

Cinderella 4

"Get on with it then, servant girl," said Griselda.
Just then, Cinderella's stepmother appeared.

　　appear：現れる

“Griselda, Grimella,” she cried.
"I have the most exciting news.
The Prince is giving a Christmas Ball 

and you're invited.” 

　　 invite：招待する

Cinderella 3

“What's little Cinders doing today then?”
teased Griselda.
"She's sweeping away cobwebs,
like a servant, sneered Grimella.

tease：からかう
sweep：掃く
cobweb：蜘蛛の巣
sneer：冷笑する　

Cinderella 2

"Well, I've made the sausage trifle,” Cinderella thought to herself.
“The cabbage and custard pie will just have to wait.”

She picked up her broom and made her way to the stairs.
But her stepsisters were blocking the way.

trifle：少し　少量
broom：箒
blocking the way：道をふさぐこと

Cinderella

Chapter 1： Invitation to a ball

“Cinderella!” shouted her stepmother,
looking up from a letter.
"Come and clean mybedroom at once."

“Yes, Stepmother,” Cinderella
called from the kitchen, where she was making lunch.
Her stepsisters had ordered their usual revolting dishes.

Invitation：招待
ball：舞踊会
revolting dishes：嫌な料理

辞書に回答がある

 　２日前の疑問１の答えがわかった。

a. 〖want to do〗 〈人が〉…したい(と思う)
　▸ I want very much [very much want] to see her.
　彼女に会いたくてたまらない
　(2)very muchがwantを修飾することが明らかな場合文末も可能)

　▸ I don't want to get married.
　私は結婚したくない(╳ I want not to get married. としない)

あなたに見せたいものがあるんです。

I want to show you something.

b. 〖want A to do〗 〈人が〉A〈人〉に…して欲しい(と思う),
▸ I want you to look after the bacon.
　(料理の引き継ぎを頼んで)ベーコンを見ていて欲しいんだ

（あなたに）会ってほしい人がいるんです。

I want you to meet someone.

英語辞書「食べ比べ」

 　朝日新聞コラム＜（牟田都子の落ち穂拾い）四者四様、辞書「食べ比べ」＞を読んで、英語の辞書も、複数持って辞書の「食べ比べ」をしたら、ヒョっとしたら英語の辞書調べも楽しめるかもしれないと思った。

疑問点・１

あなたに見せたいものがあるんです。
I want to show you something.
　◎この somethingは「ある物」の意。

会ってほしい人がいるんです。
I want you to meet someone.
　◎この someone は、「ある人」の意。（『１３歳からの英語ノート』、p46）

　この二つの例文の違いがわからない。初めは、両者が同じような文に思えるだけで、どのようにわからないのかさえ、わからなかった。

　しかし、I want you to show something. や、I want to meet you someone.のようにしても、同じ意味になってしまうように思えてしまうのだ。

５文型は不要？

　英文法に５文型は欠かせないものと思ってきた。ところが、５文型は不要という本があった。『１３歳からの英語ノート』である。

　日本語で出版されている英文法の本には「５文型」なるもののページがあります。このページは意味がないので無視しましょう。英語で書かれた英文法の本には、この「５文型」のページはありません。文型というとらえ方は、多分、日本人にとって、英語は暗号解きの対象であった時代の名残なのでしょう。p37

英語jはトレーニング

　英語学習法といった本がたくさんある。『１３歳からの英語ノート』によれば、英語jは体育と同じようにトレーニングする教科だという。

１、 発声しよう　

２、 英文を暗記（暗誦）しよう。

３、 語彙を増やそう

Do I tell 11

“They are the bad boys,” says the girl to the police officer. The police officer says, “You three boys will come with me!” “But I didn’t do those things,” says Ji-Sung.
“Is that right?” the police officer asks the little girl. “Did he do those things?”
“I . . . I . . . don’t know,” says the little girl. “I didn’t see.
But he was with the other boys.”

“But I didn’t do those things,” says Ji-Sung. “Maybe,” says another police officer. “But you were with these other boys. And you didn’t stop them. You didn’t call the police. You’re coming with us to the police station.”
“Wait. Please listen,” says Ji-Sung. “I’m sorry.”
“Not now,” says the police officer. “We’ll ask your parents to come to the police station. You can tell us about it then.”
“Oh no,” thinks Ji-Sung. “What do I do, now?”

Do I tell 10

Ji-Sung does not like Mike and Scott. He thinks they are very bad. He wants to tell the police. But he thinks Scott and Mike will be angry with him. He wants to run away. “What do I do?” he thinks. “Do I tell? Or do I say nothing? Scott and Mike are big and strong. Maybe they will hit me!” he thinks.
Ji-Sung thinks, “Oh, what do I do? Do I tell the police?” He feels very bad.

Soon, the girl comes back with a police officer. She tells the police officer about the garbage can, the bottles, and the birds. Mike and Scott cannot see the police officer. They are laughing at the birds. The police officer comes up to the boys.

ジソンはマイクとスコットが好きではありません。彼は彼らがとても悪いと思っている。彼は警察に伝えたがっている。しかし、彼はスコットとマイクが彼に怒ると思っている。彼は逃げたがっている。「私は何をしますか？」彼は考える。「私は言いますか?それとも何も言わないの？スコットとマイクは大きくて強い。たぶん、彼らは私を殴るでしょう!彼は考える。

Ji-Sungは、「ああ、私は何をしますか?警察に伝えますか?彼はとても気分が悪い。

まもなく、少女は警察官と一緒に戻ってきます。彼女は警察官にゴミ箱、ボトル、鳥のことを話します。マイクとスコットは警察官に会えない。彼らは鳥を笑っている。警察官が少年たちにやってくる。

Do I tell 9

The boys walk to the lake. Mike gives some small stones to Scott and Ji-Sung.
“Are you ready?” asks Scott.
Mike says excitedly, “Come on, Ji-Sung. You take some.” “What are you going to do?” asks Ji-Sung. He is worried about Mike’s plan.

Suddenly, Mike and Scott throw the stones at the birds on the lake! Scott’s stone nearly hits one of the birds. The birds fly away.
“What are you doing? Don’t do that!” says Ji-Sung.
“It’s okay, Ji-Sung,” says Scott. “It’s fun! Let’s do it again.” Mike says, “You try, Ji-Sung.”

  nearly：危うく、すんでのところで

以下、IT翻訳

少年たちは湖まで歩く。マイクはスコットとジソンに小さな石をあげます。

「準備はできていますか？」スコットに尋ねます。

マイクは興奮して言う、「さあ、ジソン。あなたはいくつかを取ります。「あなたは何をするつもりですか？」ジソンに尋ねます。彼はマイクの計画を心配している。

突然、マイクとスコットは湖の鳥に石を投げます!スコットの石はもう少しで鳥の1羽に当たるところだった。鳥は飛び去る。

「何してるの?そんなことしないで！」ジソンは言う。

「大丈夫だよ、ジソン」とスコットは言う。「楽しいです!もう一度やりましょう。」マイクは「やってみて、ジソン」と言います。

Do I tell 8

Mike throws his bottle and it breaks, too. The boys laugh again.
“This is fun, Mike,” says Scott. They both laugh.
The boys leave the broken bottles and they walk away.
Ji-Sung is very sad. He is worried about Mike and Scott.
He puts his bottle in the garbage can.
He thinks, “That was dangerous! It’s wrong to do that.
I don’t want to be with them. I must tell the police,
or I may get into trouble. I’m going home!”

Ji-Sung says to Mike and Scott, “Umm . . . , I’m going now.” “No, you’re not!” says Scott. “I want to show you our new game. You’ll like it!” he says.

Ji-Sung does not want to be with the boys. But he cannot say no to Mike and Scott. He is scared of them.
“Come with us,” says Scott. Ji-Sung goes with them. 

worry :心配する

wrong：間違った

scared：怖い

Do I tell 7

He thinks, “I don’t want to go, but Mike and Scott
are bigger and stronger than me. I can’t say no. What do I do now?”
“Okay, I’m coming,” he says. But he does not want to follow them.
They walk through the park. Some children are playing.
Suddenly, Mike kicks a garbage can. The garbage goes everywhere.
He laughs. Some children look at them. They do not laugh.
Then Scott finds some bottles.

“I have an idea,” he says to Mike. Scott throws a bottle
at another garbage can. The bottle breaks.
“Ha, ha, ha!” laughs Mike.
“I can do better than you,” says Mike.
Scott gets some more bottles and
gives one to Ji-Sung. “Here, Ji-Sung, you try!”
No, thanks,” he says.
A little girl is watching him.

Do I tell ６

Ji-Sung gives his seat to the old woman.
“You can sit here,” he says.
The old woman says, “Thank you! That’s very nice of you!”
Ji-Sung watches Mike and Scott. Mike gets a black pen.
“What’s he doing?” thinks Ji-Sung.
Mike writes on the back of the seat. Nobody sees him.
Scott smiles at Mike. Ji-Sung thinks, “Oh no!”

They get off the bus at the park.
“Come on, Ji-Sung,” says Scott.
Ji-Sung does not like Mike and Scott now.
He thinks, “I don’t want to be with them. I will get into trouble.”
“No, thanks. It’s okay,” says Ji-Sung to Scott and Mike. “I’m just going home now.”
“No. You’re not going home. Come with us Ji-Sung.
We want to show you a great game,” says Scott.

Do I tell 5

“Okay! Okay!” says Scott. “Here’s your money!”
He is angry with the bus driver.
Mike is angry, too. He wants to buy a child’s ticket, too.
Ji-Sung thinks, “Mike and Scott are very strange. I don’t like them very much.”
The boys sit down. Everybody looks at them.

Mike and Scott are sitting at the back of the bus.
An old woman wants to sit down.
The woman looks at Mike, and says, “Can I sit there?”
Mike answers, “No, because I’m sitting here.”
Everybody is very surprised because
the old woman cannot sit down.
The old woman says nothing. The people
on the bus do not like Scott and Mike.
They think they are very bad. Ji-Sung thinks so, too.

Do I tell 4

“Be careful, boys,” says the police officer. “Don’t get into trouble, okay?”
“Of course,” they say. “We won’t get into trouble.” The police officer leaves.
Scott and Mike start laughing. “He didn’t see us,” says Mike.
Scott says, “Yeah, he can’t do anything about it.” Ji-Sung says nothing.
He thinks they are very bad.

Soon, the bus comes. Scott and Mike get on the bus.
Scott says to the bus driver, “One child ticket.”
“A child ticket? You can’t have a child ticket.
How old are you?” asks the bus driver.
“I’m 10,” says Scott. “No, you’re not! You’re much
older than 10!” says the driver. “You can’t have a child’s ticket.”

Do I tell ３

Mike says, “Can I try?”
“Okay,” says Scott. He gives the paint to Mike.
He paints the same picture, too.
“Ji-Sung, do you want to try?” asks Scott.
“No way! I’m not going to do that!” he replies.
Scott says, “Hey! Quick! Somebody’s coming!”

　　No way：とんでもない　いやだ　まさか　

A police officer comes. “What are you boys doing?” asks the police officer.
“Who? Us?” says Scott. “We’re waiting for a bus.”
The police officer sees the paint. “Did you do this?” he asks Ji-Sung.
Ji-Sung says, “No. No, I didn’t.” Then the police officer looks at Mike and Scott.
“Did you two boys do this?” he asks Mike and Scott.
“Us? No!” says Scott. “We are good boys, officer!” says Mike.

Do I tell 2

“You’re going to paint anything?” asks Ji-Sung. “I don’t understand.”
“Do you want to see?” asks Scott.
Ji-Sung does not understand, but he says, “Umm . . . , okay.”
Scott looks around. Nobody is watching.
“Is it okay?” Scott asks Mike.
“Yeah, nobody’s coming,” says Mike. “Okay, do it!” he says.
Ji-Sung is thinking, “What are they going to do?”

Scott takes the paint. He paints the picture on the bus stop.
Ji-Sung shouts, “No, stop. Don’t do that!”
Mike and Scott are laughing. “It’s okay, it’s only fun,”
Scott says. “Nobody can see us.”
“But . . . ,” says Ji-Sung. “It’s wrong!”
“I don’t care,” says Scott. “It’s really fun.”

Do I tell

Ji-Sung is waiting at the bus stop. He is going to the park.
He meets some boys from school, Scott and his friend, Mike.
“Hi, Ji-Sung,” says Scott.
Ji-Sung says, “Oh, hi! What are you doing here?” he asks.
“Nothing much,” says Mike. “Ji-Sung, where are you going?”

　　Nothing much：何も（・・・ない）

“I’m going to the park,” says Ji-Sung.
“Good. We’re going there, too,” says Scott.
“Oh,” says Ji-Sung. He asks, “What’s that in your bag, Scott?”
Scott says, “Oh, this? It’s paint.”
“Paint? What are you going to paint?” asks Ji-Sung. “Anything,” says Scott.